What are the components mixed to create mortar?

Mortar is a vital building material commonly used in construction for binding bricks and stones together. The primary components used to create mortar include Portland cement, sand, and water. Portland cement is a type of hydraulic cement that hardens when mixed with water, providing durability and strength.

When mixed according to the correct proportions, Portland cement reacts with water to form a strong bond that can hold masonry units together, making it an essential ingredient in mortar formulations. The mixture provides not only structural integrity but also helps resist weathering and other environmental conditions.

Other materials, such as potter's clay or diatomaceous earth, do not serve as appropriate components for mortar and are used in different applications, while sodium hydroxide is a chemical compound that does not contribute to the binding property needed for mortar. Therefore, Portland cement is the correct answer as it is the key binding agent in creating effective mortar.