What is an endothermic reaction?

An endothermic reaction is characterized by the absorption of heat from its surroundings. In this type of chemical reaction, the energy required to break bonds in the reactants is greater than the energy released when new bonds are formed in the products. As a result, the reaction draws thermal energy into itself, leading to a decrease in temperature in the immediate environment. This concept is fundamental in understanding thermodynamics in chemical reactions, as it distinguishes endothermic reactions from exothermic ones, which release heat.

Examples of endothermic processes include photosynthesis, where plants absorb sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose, and the dissolution of certain salts in water, which can cause the solution to feel cold. Recognizing the traits of endothermic reactions is crucial for applications in various fields, such as chemistry, biology, and environmental science.