Jones and Bartlett Firefighter 1 Practice Exam

These questions are part of the practice quiz. Start practicing

• The dry chemicals in fire extinguishers work in two ways. What is one of those ways?
• How are sprinkler control valves usually locked in the open position?
• Type III construction is normally limited in height to what?
• When should a ladder be inspected before use?
• When a building does not entirely fit into one of the five construction types, it is said to be?
• How much water can large handlines typically flow, in gallons per minute?
• Should rehabilitation centers have any furniture?
• Which part of the body should be used for a heavy lift?
• Which type of search is conducted after the scene is under control and is thorough?
• What is the most common type of wildland fire encountered by some departments?
• Which type of detergent, if any, should be used on ropes?
• Which type of rope is known for its strength and is often used in rescue operations?
• The analysis of firefighter fatalities and serious injuries has shown that firefighters themselves often contribute to the deterioration of their situation. How?
• What is the approximate critical temperature for a flashover to occur?
• What does the F stand for in LFL?
• How does the fire fighter move when performing the fire fighter drag?
• What is the two-fire fighter stiff-arm method used for?
• What is the largest flow in gallons per minute that a master stream device can generate?
• There are three primary types of mechanical saws: chain saw, rotary saw, and:
• What type of system utilizes digital technology to transmit over shared frequencies controlled by a computer?
• Which function does the hose liner of a jacketed fire hose serve?
• What are butt spurs on a ladder?
• What are the priorities used as a basis for assignment of search teams?
• In which situation would a firefighter's personal protective equipment (PPE) be vital?
• Which fire behavior is characterized by a rapid increase in heat and the sudden onset of fire?
• Which of the following is not produced by residential or commercial fires?
• What is one of the primary roles of a fire officer on the scene of an incident?
• If a firefighter hears three repeated blasts of an apparatus air horn, what action should they take?
• When should a fire extinguisher be inspected?
• What is the danger of placing the butt of a ladder too close to the side of a building while people climb it?
• What would the observation of glass blocks in a wall tell firefighters?
• Which undesirable effect can occur if windows on the upwind side are opened first in a horizontal ventilation situation?
• What is the main purpose of an SCBA?
• What should firefighters do after they have been rested, rehydrated, refueled, and rechecked in rehabilitation?
• At a minimum, how much time should firefighters spend in physical fitness training on a daily basis?
• A rapid intervention company/crew is established for the purpose of:
• What is a BLEVE?
• What is the process called when a material reaches its ignition temperature?
• Introducing air into a ventilation-limited fire can result in:
• The three basic elements required for fire include fuel, oxygen, and what else?
• Why should rope be protected from prolonged exposure to sunlight?
• What happens if blood glucose levels are too high?
• Which traffic regulations, if any, are fire fighter emergency vehicle operators responding in emergency vehicles subject to obey?
• If a portable tank is self-expanding, fire fighters may need to hold on to _______ while the tank is being filled.
• One of the two primary methods for a direct attack on a wildland fire is the flanking attack. What is another?
• Which device is effective for warning traffic at emergency highway scenes?
• What is a key characteristic of a building with a steel frame during a fire?
• What is one technique that can be used by a single firefighter to spread a salvage cover?
• When maneuvering to place a ladder to a roof, why is a proper angle essential?
• What is one of a telecommunicator's most important skills?
• In what manner should attack lines be loaded into the hose bed?
• What is it called when individual pieces of wood are glued together?
• In firefighting, what does the term "collapse" primarily refer to in hazardous situations?
• What is the function of a standpipe system?
• Which type of saw is specifically designed for cutting curves in wood?
• Which advantage does a fog-stream nozzle have over a smooth-bore nozzle?
• What helps to support the victim's head and neck during a webbing sling drag?
• From which end of the rope can a clove hitch accept tension without coming untied?
• What does the term 'flashover' refer to in firefighting?
• What is one advantage of a straight stream over a fog stream?
• What type of fire is characterized by fast-moving flames and can spread quickly through grass and brush?
• How much does a full set of personal protective equipment weigh?
• What extinguishing method is used when a foam blanket is placed over a burning liquid?
• Another way to classify vegetative fuels is by their size, shape, compactness, and volume. Which of the following classifications is correct?
• Which test evaluates the structural strength of a ladder?
• Where is a missing child most likely to be found during a fire?
• Which component of firefighting equipment helps to prevent slipping on ladders?
• What is the term for construction with exterior wall studs that run continuously from the basement to the roof?
• What occurs if air is unintentionally drawn back into a building due to a smoke ejector being incompletely sealed?
• In the context of firefighter rehabilitation, what is the significance of restoring the body's temperature?
• What secures the hose on the self-locking twin-doughnut hose roll?
• During short incidents, which type of nourishment would be appropriate for firefighters to sustain peak performance levels?
• What is positive-pressure ventilation?
• What is the term for those ladders that are permanently mounted and operated from a piece of fire apparatus?
• Which type of steel is specially treated to be resistant to cutting?
• Class B fires can be extinguished by shutting off the supply of fuel or by what method?
• What is a critical factor to consider when assessing the potential for a building collapse during firefighting operations?
• Which specialized fire fighter is trained in dealing with aircraft fires and extrication of victims on aircraft?
• Which NFPA standard specifies the requirements for placing and mounting portable fire extinguishers?
• What type of tool is specifically designed for wildland firefighting?
• What are rafters in building construction?
• What is the term for the location where a wildland or ground fire begins?
• What effect does placing wire in tempered glass have on it under fire conditions?
• What is the term for a chemical reaction that produces heat?
• What is a common risk firefighters face that necessitates physical conditioning?
• What effect does the water discharged from an automatic sprinkler system have on smoke?
• Which coupling goes on the inside of a straight hose roll?
• Which tool is sometimes used to tighten hard suction hose connections?
• Who inspects businesses and enforces public safety laws and fire codes?
• What creates mechanical energy?
• Which adjunct equipment should be used when firefighters must search an area that is too big to cover while keeping contact with the perimeter walls?
• Which part of the extension ladder is raised or extended from the bed section?
• In how many feets does an extension ladder need to be when performing the two-firefighter shoulder carry?
• When performing an escape through a wall, what action may be necessary in order to be successful?
• When rescuing an unconscious child or small adult from a window, how many rescuers enter the window to assist the victim?
• In recent years, what is the reported proportion of firefighter suicides to line of duty deaths?
• What does the acronym PASS stand for in relation to using a fire extinguisher?
• What is the most common extinguishing agent for Class A fires?
• Which piece of equipment can stop the flow of water in a burst hose line if it can't be shut down at the pump?
• What can be a consequence of not fully extending an extension ladder before use?
• During operations in a traffic area, which guideline should be used to determine how quickly to close streets and block off access?
• What purpose do the hooks of a roof ladder serve?
• What is the term for one of the two main structural components that run the entire length of most ladders or ladder sections?
• What is the main role of a telecommunicator when handling emergency calls?
• How many gallons of water are contained in a Class A fire extinguisher with a numerical rating of 2?
• How reliable is the sensation of thirst as an indicator of body dehydration?
• When should the firefighter attaching hose to the hydrant charge the supply line?
• When companies are working in SCBA, who determines the working time for the company?
• Where is it especially important to keep fire extinguishers in homes?
• What is one basic method for staying oriented inside a low-visibility environment?
• What danger is suggested by the observation of smoke puffing in and out of a structure?
• What is a master stream device that is permanently mounted on a vehicle and piped called?
• Who is responsible for accounting for all firefighters involved in an emergency incident?
• What does the ANI feature of enhanced 9-1-1 do?
• When a spring-loaded center punch is used to break tempered automobile glass, what occurs?
• During salvage operations, what should be done with pictures on the walls?
• Which hose load is best suited for one- or two-story single-family dwellings?
• What is the first step in reading smoke during an incident?
• Which attribute is essential for a firefighter when assessing a fire scene?
• What should be done first when arriving at a fire scene?
• How high on a typical two-story building can a 24' - 28' ladder reach?
• What is the recommended method for a firefighter to reduce their risk of heat stress?
• Which type of ventilation involves openings in roofs or floors so that heat, smoke, and toxic gases escape the structure in a vertical direction?
• When donning SCBA, what is the minimum percentage of air capacity that should be in the cylinder?
• In a horizontal ventilation situation, which windows should be opened first?
• What is a critical factor when determining the need for search and rescue operations?
• What is the term for the condition in which air fills the stomach?
• How should fire fighters use their contact with the public?
• What is generally considered the upper limit of span of control?
• Which type of cutting blade is susceptible to damage from gasoline vapors?
• Select the true statement about masonry materials.
• What is the term for the condition in which the internal body temperature falls below 95°F?
• Where should the tip of a ladder be placed during rescue operations from a window?
• What is an important factor in determining the effectiveness of a fire investigation?
• What is the weight of carbon dioxide in comparison to air?
• On a reducer, which end is usually male?
• Which type of company includes such units as medical and ambulances or first-response vehicles, and responds to medical or trauma patients?
• Which sort of personal protective equipment should firefighters wear during overhaul?
• Rollover is a sign that _______ is imminent unless actions are taken to change the fire conditions.
• What is one specialty tool used for dragging heavy objects?
• What is it called when supply hose beds on apparatus are divided into two or more sections?
• Which class of fire would involve energized building wiring, fuse boxes, transformers, or generators?
• Which NFPA standard offers a framework for a comprehensive health and safety program for fire fighters?
• What is the melting point of a material often referred to as?
• The three types of factors that can ignite wildland and ground fires are natural, accidental, and:
• Which hazard should fire fighters remain aware of when carrying long tools, especially pike poles?
• To whom does the safety officer report on the fireground?
• What is a metal bar that runs between the beams of a wooden ladder called?
• What is an advantage of portable fire extinguishers?
• When tying an open clove hitch to hoist an axe, where should the safety knot be tied?
• What is the maximum length of extension ladders that the two-fire fighter shoulder carry is generally used with?
• What type of foam is primarily used for flammable liquid fires?
• What is the primary hazard associated with a backdraft?
• What is the more general term for a lieutenant or captain in charge of a single apparatus and the firefighters assigned to it on a given shift?
• The three states of matter are solid, liquid, and:
• What should the tiered assessment of fatigue include for firefighters?
• How close must a fire engine be to a static water source in order to be able to draft directly from it?
• Which term describes the amount of energy in a body or stream of water?
• What is the term for the main structure of a portable fire extinguisher?
• What is the primary purpose of a fire hydrant?
• What is one disadvantage of using positive-pressure fans in firefighting?
• Which of the following best describes the role of a fire lookout?
• Which type of circular saw blade is specially designed to cut through hard surfaces or wood?
• What is the primary goal of the Incident Command System (ICS)?
• How can brick veneer siding be identified by firefighters?
• A good way to determine the personal air usage rate is through?
• What action should be taken if a fire fighter is found freelancing on scene?
• What role does the fire incident commander typically play at the scene?
• What is the primary reason for establishing a fire line?
• Which feature in hydrant caps should be checked during routine inspections?
• Where do salvage crews generally start their operations?
• Why would a fire extinguisher class icon have a red diagonal line through it?
• Which tool is used to pull down a ceiling?
• When assisting a conscious victim down a ladder, what can a firefighter do to maintain control of the victim's descent?
• What is one critical responsibility of the Incident Commander (IC)?
• What system must a fire department use to track personnel and assignments at an emergency scene?
• What is the main reason firefighters use a buddy system?
• What is the Bam-Bam Tool primarily used for?
• What is one piece of modern equipment that uses infrared technology to enable fire fighters to find objects giving off a heat signature?
• What is the purpose of the heel of a ladder?
• Ideally, when, relative to the overhaul process, should fire investigators begin their work at a fire scene?
• What type of fire is characterized by combustible metals?
• What is the finishing material that is a thin concrete surface that can be used over brick, tile, or wood?
• What term describes an arrangement of water mains that delivers water to hydrants from multiple directions simultaneously?
• If a Type V building is not balloon-frame, which framing system is it?
• Which exemptions or privileges do fire fighters have from traffic laws when responding in their own vehicles?
• A radio channel that transmits and receives signals on the same frequency is a:
• How should a hose line be advanced up a ladder?
• In which situation would the blanket drag technique be favored over other drag methods?
• Which type of building construction poses the highest risk of rapid fire spread?
• Which kind of tool is actually a small spreader operated by a hand-held hydraulic pump?
• Which hose load has the hose placed around the perimeter of the hose bed in a U shape?
• What should firefighters use to break glass in windows?
• A standard approach to risk-benefit analysis should be incorporated into _________ for all fire departments.
• In what directions does thermal radiation from a fire typically travel?
• Under which circumstances should master stream devices be directed into buildings where firefighters are operating inside?
• Under which conditions, if any, will gypsum burn?
• Which type of carbohydrates are found in whole-grain breads, whole-grain pasta, rice, and vegetables?
• Which hazard is associated with using water to fight an electrical fire?
• What is the primary focus of a firefighter's physical fitness training?
• What metal is used in building construction primarily as a coating to protect metal parts from rust and corrosion?
• Which of the following smoke colors would indicate a hot fire that has traveled some distance?
• Which of the following is a primary concern when servicing a fire hydrant?
• Which technology can be used in detecting gas leaks during firefighting operations?
• What is the most common size of fire hose outlets on fire hydrants?
• What is the safest and surest way to extinguish a Class C fire?
• For which application might it be preferable to use long rolls of construction-grade polyethylene film instead of salvage covers?
• How strong is tempered glass compared to regular glass?
• What is used to connect individual sections of hose together to extend their length?
• During which phase of an emergency response is the primary focus on operations?
• Which question is important to ask when inspecting life safety ropes?
• What can be added to water extinguishers to reduce water's surface tension for extinguishing certain fuels?
• What is the term for the process where a solid, due to heat, breaks down to produce a flammable vapor?
• What is the term for the quantity of fuel available in a specific area?
• If one member of a company needs rehabilitation, who else from the company goes, if anyone?
• The flow or quantity of water moving is measured in what unit?
• What is the term for keeping a ladder from slipping by applying one's weight to the underside of it?
• What type of fire extinguisher is suitable for electrical fires?
• How can you quickly determine if a dry-barrel hydrant is still draining before replacing the discharge outlet cap?
• What is the most effective technique for removing an unconscious victim from a hazardous area?
• Which type of policy is used to allow a responder the flexibility to deviate from a set procedure, yet still be held accountable for the action?
• Why is it important to identify the fire stage during ventilation size-up?
• Which of the following is not a primary design used to construct roofs?
• Generally, the life risk in residential occupancies is higher during which time period?
• What is the recommended way to clean synthetic ropes?
• When establishing a water supply, what is the first action that should be taken by firefighters?
• When you open a door and the smoke exits through the top half of the doorway and clean air enters through the bottom half, the fire is probably on which level?
• During emergency response, which type of call requires immediate action by firefighters?
• When is a dry-barrel hydrant necessary?
• What natural fiber rope was commonly used in older fire departments?
• How can rapid fire growth be prevented?
• How high up do fuels need to be considered aerial fuels?
• What is the term for a rapid chemical process that produces heat and light?
• What is the normal percentage of oxygen in the air?
• Which agency is responsible for regulating the production and sale of flammable substances?
• What is a crucial factor to consider during a size-up of a fire to develop an effective plan?
• During firefighting activity, in approximately which time frame can a firefighter lose 2 quarts of fluid?
• What, if anything, happens to the relative humidity as the temperature warms up during the day?
• Which body of rules, regulations, or guidelines usually addresses where and how to stage tools at a fire scene?
• Which of the following is considered a light hazard environment?
• What can be used on a wildland or ground cover fire to absorb the fire's heat and break down, cooling the fuel?
• Protecting property and belongings from damage is called?
• What is the primary role of a safety officer at an incident scene?
• How are the terms flammability range and explosive limits related, if at all?
• What type of fire extinguisher is suitable for use on electrical fires?
• What is the function of junction boxes on the fire scene?
• What is the transfer of heat energy in the form of invisible waves called?
• According to NFPA 10, what influences the maximum floor area protected by a fire extinguisher?
• How are fires and fire extinguishers grouped?
• With what can wood be impregnated to make it more difficult to ignite and slower burning?
• What is Type IV construction characterized by?
• Which indicator shows that a PIV is closed?
• Which of the following is a common symptom of heat exhaustion?
• What is one item that would be included in a life safety rope's rope record?
• Which fire hose has the purpose of discharging water from an attack engine onto the fire?
• What is the most common size of fire hose outlets on fire hydrants?
• Which type of company responds to and controls scenes involving spilled or leaking hazardous chemicals?
• What is another term for fire point?
• What is the primary function of a fire hose?
• Places along the hose line where it can be predicted that the hose will become caught and can slow or stop the advancement of the line are called?
• What is it called if air is immediately drawn back into the building because of an incompletely sealed smoke ejector?
• What characteristic makes an extinguishing agent suitable for fighting Class C fires?
• What is one of the first actions to take when arriving at an emergency scene?
• What should fire fighters wear for safety while working at a highway incident scene?
• What potential hazard is indicated by the discovery of pitched or sagging doors during overhaul?
• What indicates that a fire is approaching backdraft conditions?
• Which type of foam is typically used for suppressing class B fires?
• What is a crucial aspect of a thorough size-up during a fire situation?
• When should a secondary search be performed?
• What is the primary role of a fire officer during an incident?
• Which synthetic fiber is the lightest?
• What is the relationship, if any, between dry powder and dry chemical extinguishing agents?
• Which of the following can be used to aid in the coupling and uncoupling of hose?
• When initiating a Mayday, the acronym LUNAR is used to provide pertinent information. What does the "L" represent?
• When making louver cuts, what is used as a fulcrum to make the louvered openings?
• What is the term for the process of removing smoke, heat, and toxic gases from a building and replacing them with cooler, cleaner, more oxygen-enriched air?
• What is the first step in developing a community risk reduction program?
• What is the purpose of skip breathing?
• Which family of knots is used to attach a rope around an object?
• Which tool can remove burrs on hydrant threads?
• What percentage of emergency calls to 9-1-1 do some communities estimate originate from cell phones?
• What type of fire extinguisher is specifically designed for oil and flammable liquids?
• When a ladder is used to access a roof, at least how many rungs should show above the roofline?
• Which of the following is a common method for carrying a victim during rescue operations?
• What is the easiest, quickest, and often the most effective way to ventilate interior spaces in a building?
• If a nozzle must be left partly open in a structure to prevent freezing in cold temperatures, which technique can help reduce water damage to the structure?
• What is the term used when fire fighters take action independently, disregarding SOPs and the command structure?
• Which catastrophic fire, even bigger than the Great Chicago Fire, caused seven times the loss of life and jumped sixty miles across the Green Bay?
• In the maintenance formula for ropes, what is one essential part?
• Which responsibility belongs to the lieutenant during a shift?
• Firefighters working from a ladder should use a safety belt or what to secure themselves to the ladder?
• Where are defensive firefighting operations conducted from?
• Can a thermal imaging device "see" a person in the dark?
• Which kind of loop does a figure eight on a bight create?
• Which class of fire is depicted in the pictograph system by a burning trashcan beside a wood fire?
• What is the rank to which fire fighters typically report in the fire department?
• What should firefighter candidates (or trainees) do if they see something that they feel is an unsafe practice occurring on the training ground?
• What is one flame-resistant material?
• Which of the following equipment is essential for firefighter safety during operations?
• During firefighting operations, what is the term for the area where equipment and personnel are staged?
• What is one requirement of structural firefighting gloves?
• What is the primary function of the 'fly' section of an extension ladder?
• Which device splits one hose stream into two hose streams?
• During ventilation operations, what is the primary goal?
• Which type of window is most similar to a jalousie?
• Which type of operation is needed to alleviate flashover conditions?
• When should firefighters conduct a size-up during an emergency response?
• What is the recommended substance for cleaning hoses?
• What must go on the end of the suction hose before it is placed in a portable tank for drafting?
• What is the main purpose of using a personal accountability system at an incident scene?
• What is one use for a spring-loaded center punch?
• Which search method is used in extreme situations, and is considered extremely dangerous for firefighters?
• Fighting fires requires excellent physical conditioning to combat heat, cold, smoke, flames, physical exertion, and what?
• What does it mean when firefighters report "the fire is knocked down"?
• What is the term for the rope or cable used to extend or hoist the fly section(s) of an extension ladder?
• All ladder rescues should be performed with a certain number of fire fighters whenever possible. How many?
• What does 'occupancy' refer to in the context of fire safety?
• If a defect is identified on a hose during an inspection, what is one of the steps to be taken?
• How should a firefighter advance an attack line down a stairway?
• Turbulent smoke is an indication of what occurring soon?
• During a search and rescue operation, which factor is crucial for maintaining firefighter safety?
• What does a dry hydrant enable an engine to do?
• Which class of fire involves flammable or combustible liquids?
• Which form of communication is essential for effective fireground operations?
• A rapid intervention company/crew can perform:
• Whose responsibility is it to request rehabilitation services?
• What is the preferred method to ventilate a large building?
• What type of tool set should a search team and an interior firefighting team carry?
• What type of hose is primarily used for fire suppression operations?
• Why do compact fuels burn more slowly than less compact fuels?
• When overhaul crews are moving appliances, what should they note that might help investigators?
• What is the term used to describe the process of finding and exposing any smoldering or hidden pockets of fire?
• What is the hose that is usually carried on a hose reel, is made of rubber, and flows only 40 to 50 gallons per minute called?
• What type of ladder raise is usually used when the ladder can be raised perpendicular to the target surface?
• For an area to qualify for the classification of light hazard, what must the combustibles present meet?
• Which term is used to describe the properties of energy, pressure, and water flow as related to fire suppression?
• What role does glucose play in metabolism during firefighting activities?
• In a webbing sling drag, what helps support the victim's head and neck?
• During a search, spindle-style furniture legs might indicate what type of furniture?
• How would insurance companies keep track of which homes had purchased insurance in the early days in America?
• When a roof ladder is being carried, which end should be facing forward?
• One danger of cold exposure is hypothermia. What is another?
• What is a prime consideration when using any kind of tool or equipment?
• Do HVAC systems typically help or hinder ventilation operations?
• What is the term for how readily a material conducts heat?
• What is the primary use of a Halligan tool in firefighting?
• What is the most common type of fire alarm system in buildings?
• What is the short fold in a supply hose load called that is made so that a coupling does not have to turn around when the hose is being laid out?
• If there are no life hazards, how should a fire in a building under construction be fought?
• Which gas is known to be particularly hazardous due to its flammability and can result from improperly stored materials?
• What is a critical factor to consider when stretching attack lines in a fire situation?
• When using an axe to open a wall, which type of cut should be made?
• What are the wrenches called that are used to tighten and loosen hose couplings?
• What is the running end of a rope used for?
• Where is a missing child typically most likely to be found during a fire?
• What happens if a dry-barrel hydrant is opened only part way?
• What is the term for finishing a knot by tightening and removing twists, kinks, and slack from the rope?
• The lighting and power equipment used on an emergency scene generally operate at?
• Which type of cooling is being performed when something cool is placed on the firefighter, such as cool wet towels?
• Which technique can fire fighters use to limit smoke damage?
• What is the only method to determine there are no hidden fires in a building of ordinary construction?
• Which type of rule is developed by various government or government-authorized organizations to implement a law that has been passed by a government body?
• What is one disadvantage of CO2 extinguishers compared to other extinguishers?
• What component does a Halligan tool feature alongside a sharp pick and a flat prying surface?
• What should firefighters rely on for the ability to apply the same skills routinely and consistently at every emergency incident?
• Which organization focuses on reducing the number of injuries and deaths during hazardous materials incidents?
• If one member of a firefighting team must leave a fire building, who should also leave?
• When hoisting a power saw, it should be in a:
• When rescuing an unconscious victim from a window, how many firefighters enter the window to assist the victim?
• Which type of company specializes in forcible entry, ventilation, roof operations, and deployment of ground ladders?
• Who is a fire fighter that has training in chemical identification and decontamination?
• What is the recommended minimum pressure, in psi, for water coming from a fire hydrant?
• During extrication, what tool is commonly used to stabilize a vehicle?
• Which characteristic is vital for structural materials used in firefighting?
• Where is the hinge on a casement window?
• In the two-part marking system for indicating which rooms have been searched, which symbol means a search is complete?
• When carrying a straight ladder, which end should be facing forward?
• What does a gated wye enable that a non-gated wye does not?
• What is one nonintuitive use for a fog stream besides putting water on a fire?
• When thrusting a pike pole tip up through a ceiling to pull it, which way should the hook on the tip face?
• When water is not moving, which kind of energy does it possess?
• What is the primary goal of a firefighter during structural firefighting?
• Which of the following is considered an unacceptable practice in firefighting?
• In a smoke-filled environment, what is a child's most likely hiding spot?
• Which type of extinguishing agent should be used on electrical equipment fires?
• What is the most common method of protecting buildings' contents in salvage?
• Which hose load allows a single firefighter to flake, or drop, one fold or loop at a time from their shoulder?
• When is utility rope used?
• What is the primary purpose of a roof?
• Fire extinguishers are rated for their ability to control a specific type of fire and:
• What is an important procedure when using a fire extinguisher?
• Which term describes the top or bottom section of a trussed beam?
• What type of fire extinguisher is recommended for use on combustible metals?
• Relative humidity is the ratio of the amount of water vapor present in the air compared to what?
• Which fire hose has the purpose of delivering water from a source to an attack engine?
• During routine SCBA checks, the pressure on the cylinder gauge must be in agreement with the regulator pressure gauge within what range?
• What is one problem with using doorways as ventilation openings?
• How are occupancy use category and hazard classification related?
• Which is the next level up from lieutenant in the fire service?
• When should fire fighters start to think about what tools they might need for a given call?
• What is a primary concern when using a fog stream?
• What term is used for a fire fighter trained in specialized rescue situations like structural collapse?
• When inspecting a kernmantle rope by feel, what would a depression in the kern feel like?
• What is the term used to describe the weight of the building?
• Which advantage does a smooth-bore nozzle have over a fog-stream nozzle?
• During fire suppression operations, a quick assessment for any structural hazards is crucial. Which term best describes this?
• When encountering an electrical fire, what is the safest course of action?
• How is the activity of freelancing regarded?
• Which two tools are commonly used together to pry open a door?
• A kerf cut is a:
• Which class of fire involves ordinary combustibles, such as wood, paper, cloth, rubber, and some plastics?
• Buildings under construction or demolition can present which of the following in comparison to a completed building?
• How should a pike pole be hoisted?
• What hazard arises when a ladder strikes an object while being raised?
• What is a material that is prone to spall under fire conditions?
• What factor primarily determines the effectiveness of a fire extinguisher?
• Which hazard category is represented by woodworking shops, service or repair facilities for cars, and cooking areas with deep fryers?
• What level of authority do safety officers possess on the fireground regarding unsafe activities?
• Determining exactly which units to send to a call depends on the location of the incident and:
• Which of the following fire suppression agents is typically used to extinguish flammable liquid fires?
• What is the purpose of a fire department connection (FDC)?
• When determining what risk classification to assign a certain building area, which two factors contribute?
• The required size of a water main is based upon the amount of water needed for normal consumption and:
• What is a primary function of a roof ladder?
• What is the primary fuel that the body uses during high-intensity physical activities like firefighting?
• What are electrolytes?
• Which class of fire is most effectively combated using water-based extinguishers?
• Which method is typically used to control a high-angle rescue?
• What does SCBA stand for in firefighting terminology?
• What qualifies a hammer as a mallet?
• What is the primary purpose of fire hydrants?
• Where does the victim's arm go in the one-person walking assist?
• One crucial aspect of ventilation size-up is determining where the fire is located and what else?
• What is the burned area of a wildland fire called?
• What should firefighters prioritize when arriving at a fire scene?
• Modern wood-frame construction uses a technique that builds one floor at a time. What is this technique called?
• What is the eventual outcome of untreated dehydration?
• Experiments have shown that a transitional fire attack slowed the growth of a fire by:
• Which firefighting technique involves utilizing both water and foam for maximum effectiveness?
• What can be used to clean synthetic ropes?
• What must be done when the gas or electrical service to a structure is turned off for firefighting operations?
• In an unconscious victim ladder rescue, in which orientation are the fire fighter and victim?
• What must firefighters be cautious of while using a power saw to cut through a roof?
• During strenuous firefighting, how does the realistic use time of an SCBA compare to its rated use time?
• How should firefighters recognize utility rope?
• From which source do saturated fats predominantly come?
• What is the primary purpose of the incident commander (IC) during an emergency response?
• What does the 'squeeze' in PASS refer to?
• In which type of operation are large handlines and master streams more often used?
• What is developed to provide specific information about the actions that should be taken to accomplish a certain task?
• What should be considered during the risk assessment on the fireground?
• How much water should firefighters drink for every 5 to 10 minutes of physical exertion?
• When operating at a fire scene, what is the role of the incident commander?
• What is a limitation of gasoline-powered portable pumps?
• Which of the following is a risk associated with using positive-pressure ventilation incorrectly?
• What does the observation of a steel beam bending under fire conditions indicate?
• What type of training is essential to maintain the skills of fire fighters regularly?
• Which kind of tool is designed specifically to remove a lock cylinder?
• Which type of fire suppression involves cooling the fuel source?
• When rescuing a conscious person from a window using a ladder, where does the second firefighter stand?
• How should a hockey puck lock with a mounting bracket be disabled?
• Which tool is typically used to cut through drywall in emergency situations?
• If a fire extinguisher containing ammonium phosphate is used on a Class K fire, what is a potential negative effect?
• What is another word for the point at which a material begins to burn?
• What is an endothermic reaction?
• Which fire extinguisher class is suitable for electrical fires?
• Who can assist fire fighters on a fire in a transformer vault?
• Once a firefighter loses an initial two quarts of water, how long will it take for the body to recover?
• Why should lighting be used on the fire scene?
• Which part of a padlock is the U-shaped top of the lock that slides through a hasp and locks in the padlock itself?
• Class C fires involve which of the following?
• During firefighting operations, which of the following actions can exacerbate fire conditions?
• When does controlling the utilities usually occur during a working structure fire?
• In an indirect fire attack, where is the water directed?
• What is one tool from the basic set of interior firefighting tools?
• To what is the rate of combustion directly related, concerning wood?
• What is the term for a long section of protective material used to cover flooring or carpet?
• What is the primary use of a rotary saw in firefighting?
• What is it called when trapped moisture in concrete is heated to steam and expands, causing parts of the concrete to break away?
• Curved roofs are typically supported by:
• What action is crucial when performing a secondary search in a fire situation?
• What is a good source of information for rescuers to identify building layouts, stairways, and exits?
• Which fog-stream nozzle has a flow of between 90 and 225 gpm?
• What is the NFPA standard on open-circuit self-contained breathing apparatus?
• Which firefighting equipment is essential for protecting firefighters from high heat conditions?
• What is the transparent part of a window called?
• In which stage of a fire has all of the available fuel and/or oxygen been consumed and active flaming has decreased or stopped?
• Which protocol should be followed when a firefighter is exposed to infectious materials?
• Small handlines are those up to ___ inch(es) in diameter.
• According to the applicable NFPA standard, how often must fire fighters have their SCBA face pieces fit-tested?
• Which knot is used to secure the end of the rope to an object?
• What is one ever-present danger during salvage operations?
• Which of the following is an essential skill for a firefighter?
• In addition to prying, what can a flat-head axe be used for that a pick-head axe cannot?
• What hazard is associated with structural collapse during firefighting operations?
• What type of ventilation is most effective in a structure fire?
• What is the substance called that is contained in a portable fire extinguisher and puts out the fire?
• What symbols are used in the classification system for fire extinguishers?
• Before climbing an extension ladder, fire fighters should make sure the halyard is tied and:
• What should be used to prevent damage to a rope when hoisting tools over rough edges?
• Which type of ladder is designed for rescue operations and mounted on fire apparatus?
• What is the rule of thumb relating smoke movement to fire temperature?
• How many classes of fire extinguishers are there?
• What does the acronym PASS stand for when operating a fire extinguisher?
• What is another word for aerial fuels?
• Type I buildings typically use reinforced concrete and ________ in their construction.
• If a ladder is placed at the proper angle for climbing and it is reaching 20 feet up a wall, how far away from the wall should the base be, in feet?
• What is one type of incident other than a fire that might impose a tremendous energy drain on firefighters?
• Where is water directed during hydraulic ventilation?
• What shape should a forcible entry through a masonry block wall take?
• Which knot feature is formed by making a circle in a rope?
• Which method is primarily utilized for controlling fire spread in a smoke-filled environment?
• How should firefighters approach a scene where forced entry might be needed?
• Which type of hose is commonly referred to as a small handline?
• When ventilating a structure, where should a ladder be placed when breaking a window?
• What should company officers do if there is a change in the balance of risk to benefit during an incident?
• In relation to firefighting, what does PPE stand for?
• What is the primary focus of fire prevention efforts?
• A portable air supply for use in rescuing a firefighter that has run out of air is called a/an:
• Which term is used by some departments to indicate that fire fighters must work in teams of at least two and remain in constant communication with each other?
• What is a primary safety feature that should be checked on a ladder?
• What is the two-fire fighter ladder carry called in which the ladder is carried at arm's length rather than on the shoulder?
• What should be done with the excess halyard before tying it off once an extension ladder is placed and extended?
• Which strategy is often used in lumberyard fires?
• What is the primary function of a fire hose clamp?
• What term describes the end of the ladder that rests on the ground?
• When filling an SCBA cylinder from a cascade system, what must a firefighter ensure?
• Which tool is best for cutting through metal roofing in a structure fire?
• A pike pole's function is to:
• Which, if any, of the fire triangle elements is not needed for wildland fires to burn?
• What is a key responsibility of the fire chief in a fire department?
• About how many firefighters are there in the United States, according to the NFPA?
• Which type of company is usually responsible for rescuing victims from fires, confined spaces, trenches, and high-angle situations?
• An unburned area between a finger and the main head of the fire is called?
• What is the primary aim of conducting a size-up at the scene of a fire?
• What is the characteristic design of a jalousie window?
• Which type of ladder is primarily designed for quick deployment during emergencies?
• What is defined as a systematic way to keep track of the location and function of all personnel operating at the scene of an incident?
• Which federal agency is responsible for establishing design, testing, and certification requirements for respiratory protection?
• Which type of nozzle is used to fight fires in inaccessible places such as attics and basements?
• Which cancer-causing material do transformers contain?
• What is the definition of Type V construction?
• What is the term for a rope that is intended to be used by a firefighter only for self-rescue situations?
• When color-coding fire hydrants, which color would the bonnet be on a hydrant flowing 500-999 gpm?
• What is the primary function of a Halligan tool?
• What is one common method used to attach individual firefighters' personnel accountability tags to the board on the apparatus?
• For heat and products of combustion to exhaust during positive-pressure ventilation, where must there be an opening?
• What characteristic differentiates synthetic ropes in terms of their performance during maneuvers?
• What does the A stand for in CAD?
• Can cutting torches cut steel?
• What is the term for non-aerial ladders?
• What does a safety knot do?
• On which principle does a thermal image camera operate?
• What is a primary purpose of a fire partition?
• Which scenario requires a defensive attack strategy?
• What is one of the three parts of a municipal water system?
• What should be the minimum distance maintained from an aerial ladder while it is in operation?
• Which type of glass is normally used in automobile windshields?
• What is the very top of a ladder called?
• What is the term for the top of a hydrant?
• When using a ladder, what is the safest method for applying hose lines?
• How long should it take a firefighter to don and activate an SCBA?
• What should the search and rescue plan identify in addition to areas and priorities to be searched?
• What is a common way to protect an exposed area during fire exposure?
• Which component is crucial for the effective operation of a fire pump?
• What must firefighters prioritize when tackling a vehicle fire?
• What is the focus of community risk reduction (CRR) strategies in firefighting?
• What is the primary role of the Incident Commander at an emergency scene?
• Under what circumstances would a firefighter need a hose clamp?
• When rescuing a downed firefighter, what is the first step once the firefighter is reached?
• When should firefighting teams communicate 'Mayday'?
• Which guide should be used for cleaning power tools?
• What is a characteristic of class A fires?
• Which type of lock, other than a cylindrical lock, is designed to fit in a predrilled opening on the side of a door and is commonly found in hotel rooms?
• Which officer serves as a liaison between the IC and the news media?
• What is the first step in doffing PPE?
• What is the third most common hose load for preconnected attack lines?
• What does NFPA stand for?
• What is the NFPA standard on personal alert safety systems?
• Which type of barrier is used to prevent the spread of fire from one side of the wall to the other?
• Portable fireground lights can range from 300 watts upward. What is the upper range, in watts?
• What is the term for the mechanical locking devices used to secure the extended fly section(s) of an extension ladder?
• Which feature do most water systems have that allows them to supply water under pressure even if pumps fail temporarily?
• What is the maximum recommended angle when positioning a ladder against a wall?
• What type of valve is commonly found in a dry-barrel hydrant?
• What relationship is there, if any, between the relative humidity and the dryness of the vegetative fuels in an area?
• Which class of fire involves combustible cooking oils and fats in kitchens?
• Where should additional equipment be staged during a high-rise fire?
• What is typically the main function of a fire department ladder truck?
• What action does a CAD system take if it detects a possible duplicate address during information entry?
• What should firefighters do to avoid water hammer?
• What is a key feature of the pry axe?
• What percentage of firefighter deaths in the United States occur on the fireground?
• What should firefighters check for prior to use when examining a ladder?
• Which type of ventilation openings can be used to stop fire spread in long narrow buildings, such as strip malls?
• What is a hazard that must be considered when attacking a Class C fire?
• What should be done if a firefighter needs to leave the incident site?
• Which term describes the manner in which a building is utilized?
• At which nozzle pressure is a smooth-bore nozzle designed to operate?
• What is the only reliable method to ensure everyone has safely evacuated a building?
• Which type of ventilation occurs when clean air is blown into a structure to force fire gases out?
• What should firefighters wear in smoky conditions for safety?
• Which NFPA standard covers the criteria for design, construction, and performance of life safety rope and related equipment?
• Which of the following is a key attribute of smoke?
• What is a drawback of the two-person seat carry?
• What is the key characteristic of Class B fires?
• What is the purpose of the fire tetrahedron?
• Preconnected hose lines are intended for what purpose?
• What type of building construction is defined as having structural components made of noncombustible materials?
• What does the term "thermal layering" refer to in firefighting?
• What is the primary purpose of a roof ladder?
• Which method can be used to fix a small tear in a salvage cover?
• What does the bugle on the insignia of the fire service indicate?
• Which firefighting technique is primarily used to reduce heat and smoke during a structure fire?
• Which tool in the crow bar family is also known as the Hux bar?
• Why can dry chemical extinguishers be effectively used on Class C fires?
• What is the term for the weather-resistant surface of a roof?
• During a defensive firefighting operation, which level of priority is exposure protection?
• What does the second D stand for in TDD?
• What is the source of almost all naturally caused wildland and ground fires?
• Two quarts of fluid equals roughly two percent of a 200-lb. firefighter's body weight. Loss of that much body fluid can result in the impairment of:
• Which material is commonly used for structural firefighting turnout gear?
• What is the typical height of a fire hydrant above ground?
• Why is it necessary to limit how low an elevation angle a portable monitor device can be set to?
• What is the primary goal during a fire rescue operation?
• What is one advantage that synthetic fibers have over natural fibers in rope construction?
• Will it be necessary to implement all the components of a rehabilitation center for every incident?
• How is humidity related to evaporative cooling?
• Who is responsible for knowing the location of every member of a fire company?
• Which kind of analysis is it when the IC weighs the potential danger to fire fighters against the likelihood of saving someone inside?
• Before climbing a ladder, fire fighters should make sure it is either tied or:
• What are the pipes called that deliver water from the treatment facility to the fire hydrants?
• What is the intent of an indirect fire attack?
• Which type of drag provides a faster removal from a dangerous area than some other drags?
• Which of the following national organizations develops U?
• Which of the following communications takes precedence over all other communications?
• Which kind of tool is specifically designed to open double doors equipped with panic bars?
• In which state of matter does a product tend to expand indefinitely?
• What is a type of safety knot?
• Because they contain ________, drinks like colas, coffee, and tea should be avoided as rehabilitation fluid-replacement drinks?
• Medical requirements for fire fighters are specified in which NFPA Standard?
• What is the purpose of a fire department connection on a sprinkler system?
• What kind of energy is associated with water that is pressurized in a system?
• Which term describes the tendency of gases in an enclosed space to form in layers according to their temperature?
• What type of electronic device is commonly used in search and rescue operations?
• A gas valve that has been shut off must not be reopened until?
• How much potential time can a solid-core door provide for fire containment when closed?
• What is the function of a heat sensor label on a ladder?
• Which type of fuel includes large brush, heavy timber, stumps, branches, and dead timber on the ground?
• What is the application of a safety knot?
• Generally speaking, how many gallons per minute does a 2 ½" fire hose line flow?
• What is one application for a rabbit tool?
• What potential hazard exists if a firefighter were to strike a live electrical wire with an axe while opening a wall?
• Which system is employed to enhance the range of hand-held portable radios?
• In jacketed fire hose, what function does the outer jacket serve?
• Do natural fiber ropes have any current applications in the fire service?
• What is the first step in forcible entry?
• What should a firefighter prioritize before entering a structure during a fire?
• How soon after a traumatic call should CISD be held?
• Which type of ventilation takes advantage of doors and windows on the same level as the fire?
• What is the board to which firefighter personnel accountability tags are attached sometimes called?
• Friction loss is affected by three factors. What is one of those?
• What is the primary purpose of a fire hydrant?
• How is the density of wood related to its ease of ignition?
• Which of the following is true about a shelter-in-place?
• Which NFPA standard covers protective clothing and equipment for wildland firefighting?
• In fire dynamics, what does the term 'fire tetrahedron' refer to?
• What comprises the guiding and directing of fire fighters to do what their fire department expects of them?
• Which of the following can be the cause of a leak in a facepiece seal?
• What is the term for the type of light that projects a diffuse light over a wide area?
• Where should a ventilation opening be placed for potential backdraft conditions?
• What is the water delivery device that flows a minimum of 350 gallons of water per minute called?
• The four major lock categories are: padlocks, mortise locks, rim locks, and?
• What is one firefighting task that would make it especially important to have the utilities controlled?
• How does fatigue and dehydration affect firefighters' risk of injury and collapse?
• What is a typical number of feet of supply hose for a fire engine to carry?
• What is one situation in which an obvious hazard is recognized and a standard solution is applied?
• What is one requirement of communications centers mandated by the applicable NFPA standard?
• The main purpose of a standpipe system is to provide what?
• What is the best method for securing a ladder?
• The size-up process should include a specific evaluation of search-and-rescue factors such as number of occupants, location, degree of risk, and:
• Why is a pocket dangerous for firefighters?
• What is the primary role of an incident commander?
• When smoke thins after opening a door, but still fills the doorway, the fire is probably located at what level?
• What relationship is there, if any, between age and ability to endure the stresses of firefighting?
• How much can PPE weigh?
• What is a common consequence of using a ladder that is too short for the task?
• What is the main advantage of elevated water storage towers in firefighting?
• What is one common cause of firefighter injury related to physical exertion?
• Fire escape rope is intended for use in which of the following situations?
• What is one aspect of a hazardous materials incident that adds to the physical exertion required of firefighters?
• During which conditions is the use of ladders particularly hazardous?
• Operating a PIV handle is similar to operating:
• What should fire fighters prioritize when assessing a structure fire?
• Freestanding walls that extend above the normal roofline are called what?
• What is the function of a fire anchor point in wildland firefighting?
• Are hazardous conditions evident by observation?
• What is the primary aim of fire prevention?
• What type of channel is designed for simultaneous communications in different directions?
• What type of heat transfer involves the flow of gases or fluid from hotter to cooler areas?
• What is the greatest danger to fire fighters performing vertical ventilation?
• What equipment is found on a tanker to allow it to unload 3000 gallons of water in one minute?
• In the five steps of receiving and dispatching emergency calls, the first step is call receipt. What is the second step?
• What component of hydrant caps should be inspected routinely?
• What is the smallest unit of matter?
• Which component of the SCBA regulates the flow of air to the user?
• During an emergency response, what is crucial to establishing team accountability?
• Why is it important for firefighters to hydrate during rehabilitation?
• What are the irons?
• What will happen to gypsum board that is exposed to fire for a prolonged time?
• Which characteristic is crucial for selecting a fire hose?
• Which of the following is included in a LUNAR report when initiating a mayday?
• What is slash?
• According to NFPA Standard 24, what is the minimum distance between the center of a fire hydrant hose outlet and the finished grade of the ground around the hydrant?
• When is a water shuttle appropriate?
• During an emergency, which area represents a significant focus for initial search priorities?
• What state must a fuel be in for combustion to occur?
• Which term means that a fire company arrives at a fire together, works together, and then leaves together?
• After cleaning, what is the anti-rust procedure for metal tools?
• If ______ or more of the situations listed in the "Eighteen Watch Out Situations" are encountered, a firefighter should reconsider engaging in the assignment.
• What is the term used to describe the crosspiece that spans the two beams of a ladder?
• Smoke alarms should be tested how often?
• At the scene of a fire, a pump operator uses the difference between two types of pressure to determine how many more attack lines or appliances could be operated from the available water supply. What are these two types of pressure?
• Where does the water come from in hydraulic ventilation?
• Which type of system is it that keeps track of every company or team of fire fighters working at the scene of the incident from the time they arrive until the time they are released?
• How many firefighters should ideally perform a ladder rescue?
• Which agency regulates the design, installation, and operation of two-way radio systems?
• How should fire fighters be released from rehabilitation?
• Which type of hose line has a predetermined length of hose, with a nozzle already attached?
• In the extinguisher rating 2-A:10-B:C, what does the C signify?
• Failure of a steel structure is dependent on three factors, including the mass of the steel components, and the loads placed upon them. What is one of these factors?
• What are the two weather conditions that most influence wildland fires?
• What is an example of an incident that might require the presence of emergency personnel to be active for an extended period of time?
• What type of fires does a Class A extinguisher typically fight?
• Which tool is commonly used to pry or lift objects during firefighting operations?
• What is the term for the weather-resistant surface of a roof?
• What is the preferred method for carrying a fire extinguisher?
• The terms used to describe how a rope reacts to an applied load are dynamic and:
• Which statement accurately describes how relatively easy or hard it would be for a trained person to extinguish a fire in a wastebasket, with a suitable portable fire extinguisher?
• Which document outlines the policies and procedures for responding to hazardous materials incidents?
• Which class of fire involves combustible metals?
• What is formed by reversing the direction of a rope to form a "U" bend with two parallel ends?
• Which of the following is a common component of firefighter communication equipment?
• What is the appropriate level of protective equipment when conducting forcible entry during fire suppression operations?
• What is the minimum number of firefighters needed to advance and maneuver a 2½" handline inside a building?
• Which NFPA Standard contains a complete list of qualifications for telecommunicators?
• Fire fighters wearing fully encapsulated suits must be carefully monitored for symptoms of:
• When rescuing an unconscious victim from a window, how many firefighters enter the window to assist the victim?
• What is a common hazard of fires in modern construction?
• What is the advantage of a grid design in a water main system?
• In which type of fuel do fires spread more quickly?
• What is the maximum capacity, in gallons, of typical portable water tanks?
• Under which conditions do natural fiber ropes deteriorate with age?
• What is used to prevent smoke and fire from spreading from floor to floor or via a vertical opening?
• What is the difference between a gated wye and a water thief?
• What is the term for water-soluble flammable liquids such as alcohols, acetone, and others?
• What is the second stage of advancing an attack line?
• Which type of tool is a pick-head axe?
• What are Phillips head and Roberts head classified as?
• In what scenario is a master stream typically deployed?
• In a direct fire attack, water should be applied until:
• What is the primary material used in reinforced concrete masonry units (CMUs)?
• What must happen to a personal escape rope once it is used?
• When may a fire apparatus be driven over a downed power line?
• On which floor should attack lines be connected when utilizing a standpipe system?
• Most straight ladders and roof ladders of a certain length or less can be safely carried by one fire fighter. What is this length?
• How, if at all, does the oxygen requirement of the fire triangle differ for wildland fires as opposed to structure fires?
• When rescuing a large adult from a window, where should the tips of the two ladders be placed?
• Before opening doors or exiting apparatuses, fire fighters should check for what?
• What should telecommunicators do if a caller becomes argumentative or begins shouting?
• What key factor should be assessed before entering a structure on fire?
• The NFPA 704 placard indicates the presence of hazardous materials. Which shape is this placard?
• Which class of fire involves combustible liquids?
• What is the top end of the capacity range, in gallons, of typical portable water tanks?
• What is the primary function of a fire hydrant?
• What is the term for an area of unburned land surrounded by burned land?
• In what condition is water most effective for fire suppression?
• What is the primary consideration when deciding the placement of fire suppression personnel?
• How hard is it to locate and extinguish burning subsurface fuels?
• Besides putting out incipient fires, what is another use for portable fire extinguishers?
• What is the best practice for storing ropes?
• Rotating tools are used to assemble or disassemble parts that are connected by which means?
• What is a ladder I-beam usually made of?
• What does the R in the acronym R.I.C.E. stand for, used in emergency preparedness?
• What is the primary purpose of a positive-pressure ventilation system?
• How should a hydrant be opened to prevent a water surge (hammer), if possible?
• What is the main focus of public fire education?
• What are tools called that are used to generate an impact force directly on an object or another tool?
• When responding to a high-rise fire, firefighters must be most concerned with which of the following?
• In fire service, what is a primary use of a hand line?
• Which type of nozzle moves more air and is therefore more likely to disrupt the thermal balance?
• How should on-call volunteer firefighters assemble upon arrival at a fire?
• When is the two-person chair carry particularly useful?
• Which hazard can occur from improper ventilation techniques during a fire?
• When responding to a wildland fire, what equipment is essential for protecting firefighters?
• Which part of a ladder must not be exposed to solvents?
• When approaching a fire with an extinguisher, what should fire fighters have behind them?
• In which condition should the fuel tanks on power tools be left when not in use?
• What should firefighters do if they find something suspicious during overhaul that suggests arson?
• Which type of breathing apparatus recycles the user's exhaled air?
• What is the most common method of extinguishing a fire?
• What should be done if a fire hydrant is found to be leaking?
• Bromochlorodifluoromethane should be recognized by firefighters as which type of extinguishing agent?
• What technique is often used to suppress flammable liquid fires?
• What should be done with smoldering mattresses to extinguish them during overhaul?
• What is the term for a rope used on an extension ladder to raise a fly section?
• A flat-head axe's function is to:
• Up to how much fluid can firefighters lose in an hour of action?
• What is the most common word used to request assistance when a firefighter is lost, missing, or requires assistance?
• What does PASS stand for in firefighting safety equipment usage?
• What is one disadvantage of CO2 extinguishers?
• What is the primary purpose of conducting a 360-degree assessment of a fire scene?
• Which hose carry is used to transport full lengths of hose over a longer distance?
• What does the D stand for in CAD?
• What is one additional use for a fog stream besides putting water on a fire?
• Which type of rescue involves an individual who is trapped or immobilized due to hazardous conditions?
• What is one means of providing a secure work platform for firefighters working on a pitched roof?
• What is the significance of using a preincident plan during firefighting?
• When water is moving, it has a combination of both potential energy and what?
• Which knot is used to keep the hoisting rope aligned with the handle of a tool being hoisted?
• What is it called when two groups of fire fighters are operating hose lines "against" each other?
• What is the purpose of the moisture barriers found in structural firefighting PPE?
• What is the primary purpose of a fire blanket?
• Which type of device can a person requesting assistance use to connect directly to a telecommunicator?
• What kind of extinguisher is most suitable for electrical fires?
• Which of the following tools combines a blade, a pick, and a claw?
• What is the floor-to-floor height of a commercial building?
• What is the hose lay called where the hose is extended from the fire to the hydrant?
• In the two-part marking system for indicating which rooms have been searched, which symbol means a search is presently under way in a particular room?
• What is the design function of hard suction hose?
• What is the primary safety feature of an extension ladder?
• How are protective hoods worn?
• In which situation may a fire officer refer a department member to an Employee Assistance Program?
• With a pry bar, the bar acts as a ________ to multiply the amount of force the person could otherwise apply.
• Where are outside stem and yokes normally located?
• When should firefighting PPE be cleaned?
• What is the usual pressure range at the delivery point in a water system?
• What is a critical factor to consider when assessing the stability of a structure in firefighting?
• What should be available during overhaul to douse any hot spots or flare-ups?
• Which class of fire is depicted in the pictograph system by a fire in a frying pan?
• Portable monitors, deck guns, and ladder pipes are examples of what type of equipment?
• What can be used to support a water chute constructed with pike poles?
• Which method of fire extinguishment is most commonly used during overhaul of wildland and ground cover fires?
• What is the correct term for the small two-way radios individual firefighters can carry, once called walkie-talkies?
• What is the name of the device that interrupts the current when there is a problem with an electrical ground?
• What does the P stand for in GPS?
• A Pulaski axe combines an axe with another tool. Which other tool?
• Research has shown that wind as low as what speed can create wind-driven fire conditions?
• What primary factor influences the development of a fire in a building?
• Which type of fire extinguisher is specifically used for electrical fires?
• What is one precaution fire fighters should take when extending the fly section of an extension ladder?
• What is the term for high-volume, high-velocity, turbulent, ultradense black smoke?
• What are the smallest pipes in a water distribution system called?
• What does the primary search prioritize during an emergency response?
• There are four primary types of rope in the fire service, each dedicated to a distinct function. What is one of the types?
• The volume in a structure that allows the movement of heat and smoke is known as what?
• Where is the best place to observe patterns of smoke?
• What is another term for proteins?
• Will a gas with a vapor density of 2.6 rise, fall, or have neutral buoyancy in air?
• Surface fuels are involved in which type of fire?
• What is considered the best approach to learn about the construction and features of a particular building?
• When is freelancing acceptable on the training ground?
• Which area of a vehicle fire should be extinguished first?
• Which tool has multiple applications including cutting and forcing open doors and windows, featuring an adze, a pick, and a claw?
• What is the purpose of fire and life safety surveys in private dwellings?
• What do the chemicals in multipurpose dry chemical extinguishers do to prevent rekindling of Class A materials?
• What is it called when an engine secures to a hydrant on the way in and lays supply line until it reaches its attack position?
• When color-coding fire hydrants, which color would the bonnet be on a hydrant flowing 1000-1499 gpm?
• What should firefighters do first upon arrival at the scene of a vehicle fire?
• Which of the following is a significant factor in determining the suitability of a fire extinguisher?
• In firefighting, what does the acronym "PNW" stand for?
• What is used to extinguish most small fires with a light fuel load?
• How many gallons of water do fire department tankers usually carry?
• What does the acronym PASS stand for when using a fire extinguisher?
• What does a CMU contain?
• What is another term for surface fuels?
• What is an essential characteristic of a fire department's standard operating procedures (SOPs)?
• At what wind chill factor does the United States Fire Administration recommend establishing a rehabilitation operation?
• In which type(s) of operations are master stream devices used?
• Where is water directed during hydraulic ventilation?
• Which kind of surface area do fine fuels have relative to their volume?
• What is the recommended procedure for approaching an active fire scene?
• What is the primary purpose of thermal imaging cameras during firefighting operations?
• NFPA standards require a low-air alarm to activate on SCBA when a certain percentage of air is left. Which percentage?
• What do the beams of a ladder directly support?
• Which type of fire attack has the primary objective of preventing the fire from spreading?
• How much of a firefighter's body heat does PPE allow to be transferred outside of the protective envelope?
• Which part of a fire extinguisher is responsible for discharging the extinguishing agent?
• What are the fans that are used in negative-pressure ventilation called?
• Hearing protection worn on responding apparatus often has a feature that enhances conversation among responding firefighters. What is this feature?
• Why should fire fighters not place a foot in the rungs of an extension ladder while it is being raised?
• What is the primary purpose of a firefighter's SCBA?
• If the fire alarm system is activated, what is the first response firefighters should take?
• Which type of hose ranges in size from 3 ½ inches and above?
• Which of the following physical characteristics can have a negative effect on the user of an SCBA?
• What must a firefighter be aware of when using a power saw to cut a ventilation opening in a roof?
• Which tool is used to tighten or loosen hose couplings?
• Which hose appliance combines two hose lines into one?
• In the system of accountability, what should be requested at the occurrence of tactical benchmarks?
• What is the kern of a kernmantle rope?
• Which type of glass is normally used in side and rear windows in automobiles and commercial doors?
• What does depositing the personnel accountability passport with the entry officer or command post indicate?
• What is the term for the kind of wrench that has a closed end and is used to tighten or loosen nuts or bolts?
• Which hose load has the hose up on its edge lying side-to-side in the hose bed?
• Which motion best accomplishes the removal of the pin and tamper seal from a portable fire extinguisher?
• What is the process called of comparing the positive results that can be achieved in an action with the probability and severity of potential negative consequences?
• What is the main role of a fire lookout?
• What is the main purpose of horizontal ventilation during a firefighting operation?
• What process occurs when oxygen combines chemically with another substance to create a new compound?
• What is the primary method of extinguishing electrical fires?
• What type of fire extinguisher is appropriate for electrical fires?
• What relationship, if any, is there between habits developed in training and habits that will be displayed on the fireground?
• Generally speaking, how many gallons per minute does a 1 ¾" fire hose line flow?
• A PASS device can be set off manually or will go off automatically under which circumstances?
• How far back does the concept of fire departments date according to historical evidence?
• What is one essential element of safe emergency operations?
• What is the primary goal of ventilation during firefighting operations?
• What is the first step in conducting overhaul of a vehicle after a fire is extinguished?
• Which toxic gas is often present in smoke?
• Why is proper hydration critical for firefighters?
• During which stage of a fire is the maximum heat release rate achieved?
• What is the primary purpose of using a thermal imaging camera at the fire scene?
• In a ladder rescue involving an unconscious victim, how are the firefighter and victim positioned?
• Do fire department vehicles usually carry portable fire extinguishers?
• How many people are needed to use a battering ram?
• What is the primary purpose of conducting a secondary search after a fire is deemed extinguished?
• Which other tool(s) is/are needed, if any, with a K-tool?
• What is the term for the partly decomposed organic material on a forest floor?
• What can be used to protect a hose line being hoisted over a roof or windowsill?
• Why is the use of halon agents strictly controlled?
• What term describes the division of tasks among firefighters during an incident?
• During forcible entry, who determines the point of entry and method to be used?
• What is the construction feature called in which there are vertical channels in the exterior walls from foundation to attic, allowing rapid, unchecked vertical fire spread?
• Which rank in the fire service is usually responsible for one fire company on a particular shift?
• Which specific piece of equipment must be worn with structural firefighting PPE and SCBA?
• What is the primary purpose of a fire department's response plan?
• What is one advantage of portable fire extinguishers over hose lines?
• Which technique is needed to use a sprinkler wedge to stop an activated sprinkler?
• Which advanced technology is particularly beneficial during overhaul operations?
• Which type of fire extinguisher is specifically designed for extinguishing electrical fires?
• Which extinguishing agent will not conduct electricity?
• What is the main purpose of an Incident Command System (ICS)?
• What is the first step in the process of response?
• What is one required feature of structural firefighting boots?
• How many gallons of water do most backpack pump extinguishers hold?
• Which chemical is most widely used for fire suppression?
• What is an important factor when determining fire flow needs?
• What represents how heat transfers through building materials?
• If a reaction occurs very rapidly or in an enclosed space, what can the mixture reach that may begin to burn?
• Which type of wildland fire apparatus is designed to transport water to the scene of a wildland fire?
• When color-coding fire hydrants, which color would the bonnet be on a hydrant flowing less than 500 gpm?
• What is the term for the transfer of heat to and through one solid to another?
• When a ladder is placed at the proper angle for climbing, how far away will the rung at shoulder height be from the fire fighter?
• After placing your PPE in a logical order, what is the first step in donning PPE?
• When possible, how should firefighters be assigned to rehabilitation?
• What can be used to quickly make a water chute?
• The number of people that one person can supervise effectively is known as what?
• Firefighters who have consumed alcohol within the previous ______ hours should not be permitted to engage in training or emergency operations?
• The Team Search Method is also known as:
• What are TDD, TTY, and text phones?
• Where does the top beam of the ladder rest during a one-fire fighter carry?
• In the context of fire suppression, what does the term 'defensive attack' refer to?
• Select the true statement regarding Class A and Class B foam fire extinguishers and their use on the unintended class of fire.
• What are gusset plates?
• What is the minimum number of people typically required for effective fireground operations?
• Who is typically responsible for ensuring all safety protocols are followed during an incident?
• Class B foam extinguishers are not suitable for which type of flammable liquid fire?
• Who developed the first fireplug (hydrant)?
• Fire helmets are equipped with an inner liner for added ________ protection.
• What is one of the most common of the rotating tools?
• Which tool is specifically designed to pull the lock cylinder out of a door?
• Which of the following statements is accurate regarding fire extinguishers?
• What is the function of a soft sleeve suction hose?
• When one member of a fire company has to leave a structure to change an air cylinder, who else, if anyone, from the company exits, too?
• What can firefighters use as a last resort to protect themselves if being overrun by a wildland fire?
• What does dehydration indicate?
• Which hazard category is represented by auto showrooms, parking garages, and retail stores?
• A Type III building is characterized by what specific fire load?
• What is the ideal number of firefighters in a hose line crew?
• Which component of the fire tetrahedron refers to physical reactions involving fuel?
• What is the purpose of a thermal imaging camera in firefighting?
• What is it called when a rope is suddenly put under unusual tension?
• Which type of ladder is typically used for accessing rooftops?
• What is the correct response when a firefighter experiences a near-miss incident?
• A RIC SOP should dictate what aspect regarding a Rapid Intervention Crew?
• What is the measure of whether or not a material will burn?
• What is one of the greatest challenges during the overhaul phase?
• Which kind of analysis is it when the IC weighs the potential danger to firefighters against the likelihood of saving someone inside?
• What is the general rule regarding smoke movement in relation to fire temperature?
• Are fine fuels or heavy fuels affected more by changes in relative humidity?
• What important measure should firefighters take to prevent freelancing during emergency operations?
• What does "overhaul" mean in firefighting terminology?
• Which material is commonly used in making firefighter personal protective equipment?
• During which phase of an emergency response does the decontamination of personnel typically take place?
• What is the function of a fire marshal in a community?
• Which substance can be used to clean facepieces?
• What type of PPE is primarily used to protect firefighters from thermal hazards?
• What is the primary focus of initial fireground operations?
• To pull down a ceiling, how should firefighters position themselves?
• Following notification of an emergency response, when should fire fighters don PPE?
• When should operating sprinklers at a fire be shut down?
• What does it mean to describe certain firefighters as "career" firefighters?
• What is the main principle of exposure protection in firefighting?
• What is one common use for a hose clamp?
• Who is responsible for coordinating the activities of several fire companies in a defined geographic area such as a station or district?
• What is the term for a small opening that allows better tool access in forcible entry?
• Which areas of a wall are usually opened first, during overhaul?
• What is the most common synthetic fiber used in life safety rope?
• In ordinary construction, what are the exterior walls made of?
• What is the signal to the Incident Commander that the secondary search has been completed?
• A lake or stream is an example of a?
• What is indicated by an incomplete seal of a smoke ejector during a fire?
• What is the minimum size hose line fire fighters should use to fight a vehicle fire?
• What is the term for a two-way radio that is permanently mounted in a vehicle?
• Under what condition might firefighters call the power company to turn off power remotely?
• It has been shown that under great pressure, most people will revert to:
• What is the weight limit, in pounds, that most ground ladders can support?
• When performing a flat hose load for a forward lay, which end of the hose is first to be loaded?
• What is a reason for rolling the hose before loading it into the hose bed?
• What are the two levels of fire fighter certification?
• What is one of the primary uses of portable fire extinguishers?
• On a three-fire fighter ladder carry, how should the fire fighters be aligned?
• Which fire suppression technique is most effective for large fires in open areas?
• Where in the rank structure do assistant chiefs fall?
• What is the term for the open space between the ceiling of the top floor and the underside of the roof of a building?
• Which type of fire hydrant is specifically designed for use in freezing temperatures?
• Which roof type is generally found in commercial structures for large open spans?
• When color-coding fire hydrants, which color would the bonnet be on a hydrant flowing 1500 gpm and higher?
• What does the term "flashover" refer to in firefighting?
• What is another term for communications center dispatchers?
• What should firefighters do immediately upon arriving at the scene of an emergency?
• What is one attractive feature of the firefighter drag?
• During extended incidents, which type of nourishment should fire fighters have?
• What is the process called when wood undergoes a chemical change due to heat without combustion?
• To force an inward-opening door, which part of the Halligan bar is inserted between the stop and the jamb?
• To whom do captains report within the fire department structure?
• What type of search is conducted after the scene is under control and is thorough?
• Which type of cooling is being performed when a firefighter removes PPE and enters a cooler environment?
• What type of PPE is essential for firefighters when entering a hazardous environment?
• When should fire extinguishers on apparatus be inspected?
• Select the true statement about steel.
• What is gypsum board commonly used for?
• What is the main purpose of using a thermal imager during a fire scene?
• What is the traveling edge of a wildland fire called?
• Which size hose line is usually adequate for overhaul operations?
• Which type of appliance is used to attach a smaller hose to a larger one?
• What is it called when fans or other powered equipment are used to exhaust heat and smoke or to introduce clean air?
• What should firefighters prioritize when there's a feasible chance of saving property?
• How difficult is the overhaul effort on a roof-over situation?
• What are the recommended priorities in a fire service common saying regarding self-care and incident management?
• What is the main role of a fire officer at an incident scene?
• Studies have shown that wildland firefighters require how many calories per day?
• What is the combination hoe and rake tool called?
• What effect do knots in ropes have on their load-bearing capacity?
• What is the primary purpose of a thermal imaging camera in firefighting?
• Which is an example of a debris-removal tool used during overhaul?
• A Class B extinguisher with a rating of 40-B would be expected to extinguish which size flammable liquid surface fire when used by a non-expert?
• What should firefighters do when entering an unknown smoke-filled area?
• What is a cause of weakening in natural fiber ropes?
• When is a three-fire fighter flat shoulder carry particularly useful?
• What type of breathing apparatus is typically used by firefighters in hazardous environments?
• What tool is commonly used to measure the temperature of smoke during a fire?
• Smoke coming from cracks in walls and peeling or bubbling paint are indicators of a possible:
• What information does an ALI system primarily provide?
• What type of PPE should be used when exposed to hazardous materials?
• What does the A stand for in PSAP?
• The standard search is primarily used in what type of occupancy?
• Which class of fire is depicted in the pictograph system by a flame and an electrical plug and socket?
• Which part of the structural firefighting PPE is designed to protect the neck and ears?
• What is the correct term for a radio system permanently mounted in a building?
• What happens if normal extinguishing agents are tried on Class D fires?
• When responding to domestic disputes or other scenes involving violence, what should fire fighters do?
• What is the second phase of fire development?
• In which position should an axe be raised?
• To begin the one-fire fighter flat raise, where are the butt spurs placed for a ladder longer than 14 feet?
• What is considered the most common size for a vertical ventilation opening?
• Exposure to which type of light can damage synthetic ropes?
• What is the primary purpose of a personal protective equipment (PPE) ensemble for firefighters?
• A rabbit tool's function is to:
• How much of the body is structural firefighting PPE designed to cover?
• Under which circumstance can a firefighter control a large handline?
• Who should fire fighters consider they work for?
• What is the NFPA standard on protective clothing and equipment for wildland firefighting?
• When raising ladders, what is the minimum distance they should be kept from power lines?
• To what does a thermal imaging device respond?
• What is the effective range of a 2.5-gallon water extinguisher when expelled in a solid stream?
• What is the primary function of a fire hydrant?
• What is the most important reason for team integrity in firefighting operations?
• If there are no lives to be saved but there is a reasonable expectation that property can be saved, can fire fighters be committed to an interior attack?
• Complete this sentence: "We will extend a vigilant and measured level of risk to protect and rescue:
• When hoisting a ladder, a second rope should be attached to the bottom of the ladder to help control it as it is hoisted. What is this second rope called?
• Does it matter which type of dry powder extinguisher is used on which type of burning metal?
• What is a significant characteristic of heavy timber construction?
• When color-coding fire hydrants, which color would the bonnet be on a hydrant flowing 1000-1499 gpm?
• What is the NFPA standard on use, maintenance, and service testing of in-service fire department ground ladders?
• What happens to the personnel accountability passports at the scene of an incident?
• What type of extinguisher is best suited for flammable liquid fires?
• What is the maximum distance that the working hose drag is typically recommended for?
• Which class of fire is depicted in the pictograph system by a flame and gasoline can?
• Which of the following actions is crucial for the safety of firefighters during a building search?
• Which type of ladder is usually carried up another ladder before being placed?
• Which kind of firefighting attack can control the fire with the least amount of property damage?
• Is it ever appropriate to have two different types of fire extinguisher in the same area?
• What style of leadership does the fire department primarily use?
• When should a firefighter use a thermal imaging camera?
• Which hose line size is most frequently used for interior fire attack?
• After company officers carry out a PAR, what is the next step they should take?
• How can fire fighters performing a primary search extend their reach?
• What happens if the wrong tool is used on case-hardened steel?
• If a firefighter becomes disoriented, hold the male and female couplings in each hand. What will the couplings tell you?
• Which of the following options is NOT a feature of ordinary construction?
• What is the danger of materials such as bolts of cloths or bales of rags?
• What is a significant drawback of using foam extinguishers?
• Mobile water supply apparatus are often called:
• What kind of firefighting technique involves using water in a sweep motion to knock down flames?
• If the specific key is not available to turn on or off a natural gas supply line valve, which tool will work as well?
• What is another term for the rank of driver/operator?
• When are company officers and safety officers involved in risk-benefit analysis?
• What should firefighters do immediately upon exiting a hazardous area?
• How are life safety ropes categorized?
• What is the term for the process of reducing the effects of fatigue during an emergency operation?
• Up to how many gallons per minute can a portable pump deliver?
• Wood framed doors come in two styles: rabbet and what?
• What is the term for a short (two-to-four foot) pike pole designed for use in tight spaces?
• For which type of fire is vegetation the primary fuel?
• When using the clothes drag, what, if anything, supports the victim's head?
• What is another term for a truck company?
• Which NFPA Standard specifies training and performance qualifications for fire fighters?
• What is the purpose of a fire department's standard operating procedures (SOP)?
• What must be considered before breaching a wall?
• Which class of fire involves combustible cooking oils and fats?
• What is one tactic a fire department might adopt to help reduce the load on firefighters at a high-rise fire?
• What is the primary function of a fire blanket?
• What is one tool that is important for interior firefighting teams?
• Which classes of fire extinguisher include a number in their classification?
• What is an appropriate unit of measure for reporting water pressure?
• Which of the following is NOT a class of fire defined by the NFPA?
• In which type of building can a fire extend directly from the basement to the attic without any obvious signs on any other floor?
• In natural fiber ropes, what is the term used for the structure formed by twisted fibers?
• What do color codes on the bonnet of a hydrant indicate?
• In a well-designed water distribution system, which type of pattern do the water mains follow?
• When it comes to atmospheric pressure, which of the following is true in a fire situation?
• What is the hose diameter, in inches, used by most fire departments to extinguish larger fires?
• Most of the volunteer firefighters in the United States protect small communities of _______ or less
• During which search method does an officer stay outside the search room?
• With wind changes, a wildland fire can develop a long, narrow extension that projects out from the head of the fire. What is this extension called?
• What is the NFPA standard on station/work uniforms?
• What is characterized as dry lightning?
• How often should in-service ladder service testing be done?
• Which type of construction is classified as heavy timber?
• What is the term for the period in which a fire can grow uncontrollably?
• What is the vapor density of gasoline?
• When a roof is sounded, what is a positive result indicating that the roof is probably safe?
• What is another term for gypsum board?
• What are the components mixed to create mortar?
• What is the proper climbing angle for a ladder?
• What is a sprinkler wedge used for?
• Which action is crucial when advancing a charged hose line?
• Structural firefighting PPE is designed to be worn with which specific piece of equipment?
• What factor of ventilation openings impacts the speed at which a fire responds to ventilation changes?
• What is one of the sources firefighters use to obtain water on the fire ground?
• Fires in modern structures tend to reach flashover ________ than in older structures.
• During a standard search, if the room is large, it may be necessary for rescuers to:
• What is the term for the lowest temperature at which a liquid can produce a flammable vapor?
• Which NFPA standard sets the minimum performance standards for apparatus referred to as either "aerial ladders" or "elevating platforms"?
• What is the primary purpose of ventilation in fire suppression?
• What is an elevated master stream device that is mounted at the tip of an aerial ladder called?
• Studies show that many vehicle crashes involving emergency vehicles occur:
• What is the preferred method to cut a ventilation hole in a metal roof?
• During a fire incident, what is the best way to maintain communication among team members?
• What is the benefit of conducting a proper size-up before engaging in firefighting operations?
• Which parts of ground ladders can be painted for visibility and identification?
• What is the term used to describe the building component that transfers the weight of the building and its contents to the ground?
• When firefighters are safely descending a ladder with an unconscious child, how should their hands be positioned?
• Which of the following is a common cause of fire in residential buildings?
• Which of the following is NOT a primary component of the firefighting triangle?
• What is the correct position of a firefighter’s hands when breaking windows from the windward side?
• What does the N stand for in ANI?
• If only one or two sprinkler heads have been activated, which technique can quickly stop the flow while keeping the rest of the system operational during overhaul?
• If individual sprinkler heads cannot be shut off, what should be done to stop the flow of water?
• Actions that present a high level of risk to the safety of fire fighters are justified only under which circumstances?
• How is natural gas primarily delivered?
• What is one cause of bloating?
• What is the primary reason for conducting a scene size-up in firefighting?
• The NFPA defines Wildland fires as unplanned and uncontrolled fires burning in _____________ fuel.
• As electricity flows through a wire, what is the relationship between the resistance in the wire and the heat produced by the current?
• Where should a firefighter stand when breaking windows during forcible entry?
• What is the name of the end of a hose bed that is closer to the front of the fire engine?
• What effect does the water discharged from an automatic sprinkler system have on smoke?
• What is the primary function of a fire blanket?
• Each firefighter accident or injury must be thoroughly investigated for two reasons. One is to determine why it happened. What is the other?
• To force entry into an outward-swinging door, where is the adze end of a Halligan bar applied?
• During which phase should firefighters be wary of potential hazards related to arson?
• What would describe the appearance of the stream from a smooth-bore nozzle?
• When should fire fighters don their PPE?
• An indirect attack is indicated when the temperature is increasing and it appears that ______ is about to happen.
• What phrase is typically used to indicate that the primary search has been completed?
• What is an urgent message that takes priority over all other communications?
• What knot is used to secure a rope to a round object like a tree?
• What is the test used to measure the ability of a cylinder to withstand internal pressure?
• When would tactical ventilation be considered unnecessary?
• What should company officers do when the IC requests a PAR?
• What is one example of a hand-powered hydraulic spreader tool?
• Which type of respiratory protection is normally used for wildland firefighting?
• Which factor significantly impacts a firefighter's level of endurance?
• What is the rule regarding firefighter seat belt use while en route to an emergency call?
• What is the term for a fire that was thought to be extinguished but reignites after firefighters leave?
• What is the term for a temporary location that provides refuge while awaiting rescue or finding a method of self-rescue from an extremely hazardous situation?
• Which type of fuel is ground duff?
• Which of the following is a common respiratory hazard encountered in structural firefighting?
• At which types of incidents should the concept of rehabilitation be addressed?
• What is the primary purpose of a PASS device?
• In Type I buildings, what is the only material that is certain to burn?
• What does steel do under intense heat?
• Overhaul can only begin when a certain benchmark has been reached. What is this benchmark?
• What must usually be done with a life safety rope that can no longer be used?
• What is now considered a leading cause of death among firefighters due to synthetic products?
• In ladder safety, what should be ensured when positioning the ladder for climbing?
• Which term describes the properties of energy, pressure, and water flow as related to fire suppression?
• How can the practice of having one team of firefighters conducting offensive operations and another team conducting defensive operations on the same building at the same time be characterized?
• Light hazard environments usually contain a limited amount of combustibles of which class?
• What is a common health concern for firefighters due to prolonged exposure to smoke and chemicals?
• What is developed to provide definitive guidelines for present and future actions?
• What should firefighters do with their PPE in rehabilitation?
• Which type of valve is used on nozzles?
• After removing caps from a fire department connection, a fire fighter should:
• What is the vapor density of air?
• Which class of fire includes ordinary combustibles such as wood and paper?
• Which type of construction is referred to as ordinary construction?
• What is one chemical used as a dry chemical extinguishing agent?
• The strength of a truss depends on both its members and the _____________ between them.
• How should firefighters approach a vehicle fire?
• Recent research has found that the traditional tactic of pushing down the interior stairs to attack a basement fire:
• What residue, if any, does a CO2 fire extinguisher leave when discharged?
• What is one characteristic of a fog stream?
• How far down the chain of command does the responsibility for safety go?
• Will a correctly tied safety knot slide on the standing part of the rope?
• When a ladder is placed at the correct angle for climbing, what is the ratio of ladder height (vertical reach) to distance of the butt of the ladder from the building?
• Which NFPA standard governs inspection, care, and use of fire hose, couplings, and nozzles and service testing of fire hose?
• Why must ground ladders be cleaned periodically even if not used at a scene?
• Which type of hose couplings are the same and do not have male or female ends?
• What is the unburned part of a wildland fire area called?
• Which class of fire involves combustible metals?
• What happens to relative humidity as the temperature cools off toward evening?
• What does a hose adaptor do?
• What is one warning signal of possible backdraft conditions?
• What is the purpose of a fire department's function regarding fire investigations?
• Which material is especially well suited for water rescue rope?
• What phenomenon can occur when a mixture of flammable gases and oxygen in a void or other confined area comes in contact with an ignition source?
• All portable fire extinguishers use what means for expelling their contents?
• What describes the condition where smoke remains close to the ground in cool, damp weather?
• What device is used to monitor and display air pressure in SCBA equipment?
• What property of a building material may lead to a reduction in its strength at elevated temperatures?
• How much does a gallon of water weigh, in pounds?
• What is the primary purpose of fire hose testing?
• What hazards do batteries present to fire fighters?
• What is the phenomenon called in which smoke hangs low to the ground on a cool damp day with very little wind?
• On a two-fire fighter shoulder ladder carry, what should the fire fighter closer to the butt end do, in addition to carrying that end of the ladder?
• What will happen to the flow of water from activated sprinkler heads once the sprinkler control valve is turned off?
• To force an outward-opening door, which part of the Halligan bar is inserted between the door and the frame?
• What is the term for that part of a rope used for forming a knot?
• What is the minimum number of firefighters required to make up a firefighting team?
• What is a primary hazard faced by firefighters in wildland firefighting?
• What is the primary role of a firefighter during an emergency response?
• Which of the following can be a difficulty when fighting a basement fire?
• Walls that provide structural support are known as:
• What is the indicator notch on hose couplings that lines up when the threads are engaged properly?
• What type of fire extinguisher is best for combustible metal fires?
• What is the term for those plastics that will melt under fire conditions?
• Can a thermal imaging device detect a person in complete darkness?
• How are jalousie windows normally opened and closed?
• What is a common component of a standard firefighter's PPE?
• What is one of the most common technologies used in post-fire air monitoring and detection devices?
• What were the original hooks of "hook-and-ladder" fame used for?
• When referring to hose, what does the L stand for in LDH?
• There are three types of wood swinging doors: slab, ledge, and:
• What does the term "flashover" refer to in firefighting?
• What is a common synthetic fiber used for life safety ropes?
• Which type of fire behavior generally dictates the use of vertical ventilation?
• Voice recorders and incident logs have what impact on any errors that occur in the communications center?
• What strategy should be implemented if a firefighter encounters rapid fire spread upon entering a structure?
• A personnel accountability system is used to track which of the following?
• Which description best fits a hose jacket?
• What do the stops do on an extension ladder?
• A triple-layer hose load is finished with the nozzle:
• What must be done before entering a structure to ensure safety?
• Which of the following ways to organize an incident involves breaking down the overall strategy into a series of smaller tasks?
• What is a primary consideration when conducting an overhaul operation?
• What must a firefighter securing hose to the hydrant on a forward (straight) lay remember to avoid?
• What safety equipment is critical for protecting firefighters in hazardous environments?
• What is the primary function of a Halligan tool?
• Which breathing technique is most recommended during strenuous firefighting activities?
• What type of glass is commonly found in most sliding doors?
• What should fire fighters take with them if sent to shut off a main sprinkler control valve without the necessary key?
• What is the relevance of water being divided into droplets with a very large surface area in a fog stream?
• Which type of knot is used to tie two ropes of unequal size?
• What type of contact must a company officer maintain to verify the status of company members?
• Which traditional letter label is represented by a red square?
• What does the term "flashover" refer to in fire dynamics?
• Which type of structure, used in roof supports, is composed of relatively small and lightweight components in a series of triangles?
• What can be used to aid in extinguishment of smoldering fires in tightly packed combustible materials?
• When should firefighters use the purge valve on SCBA?
• What is the estimated percentage of the United States that does not have access to a type of 9-1-1?
• Which two pieces of information are required by the telecommunicator to initiate a response?
• Why should firefighters make sure their PPE is dry before engaging in structural firefighting?
• What is the last step in rolling a straight hose roll?
• What is one overhaul concern if the attic insulation is blown-in cellulose?
• What is one example of a pry or spread tool?
• If a roof must be cut to provide a ventilation opening, what is the recommended minimum size of the opening?
• What is a drawback of the two-person seat carry?
• What is the water delivery device that flows a minimum of 350 gallons of water per minute called?
• Approximately three out of four career fire fighters work in jurisdictions with a population of what size or more?
• What is the primary purpose of a hose jacket?
• Which type of system(s) do fire departments use to dispatch to the units?
• How can recirculation be eliminated during smoke ejection?
• When breaching a floor, which tool is considered the best to use?
• What is one way to tie a clove hitch?
• What is the term used to describe development occurring in wildland areas where undeveloped land with vegetative fuels is mixed with human-made structures?
• Which of the following factors affects the behavior of building materials under fire conditions?
• On a split hose lay, what water source does the initial attack engine use to fight the fire until the supply engine is ready to pump?
• At least one member of every interior firefighting team should be equipped with this specific instrument for communication:
• Which of the following concepts dictates that each fire fighter answer to only one supervisor?
• What is the term for the amount of pressure in a water distribution system during normal consumption?
• What should firefighters consider before engaging in fire suppression activities?
• How is the length of bolt cutter handles related to the cutting force that can be applied?
• How often are cylinders constructed of composite materials required to be hydrostatically tested?
• What is the main purpose of the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)?
• What type of extinguishing method is primarily used with water?
• What is one limitation of backpack water vacuums?
• Which type of knot is typically used for securing a rope to an anchor?
• What is one frequent use for a hydraulic spreader?
• How does being well-rested affect endurance compared to being tired?
• Which type of saw is categorized alongside hacksaws and carpenter's handsaws?
• Which term describes the means of controlling the spread of fire using physical barriers?
• When the handle of a natural gas supply line valve is in line with the pipe, which position is the valve in?
• What is the four-sided geometric figure used to represent the four necessary elements required for a self-sustaining fire?
• Which type of hose coupling is commonly used in firefighting?
• Which type of search is described as a rapid attempt to find potential victims during a fire?
• The flat-head axe is often used with another tool. What is the common nickname for the two tools together?
• What is one of the most frequently used hose line sizes for primary fire attack?
• What does the O stand for in SOP?
• What is the primary purpose of a fire hydrant?
• During firefighting operations, what should be the main focus when assessing building conditions?
• During which phase of a fire incident should coordination among responders be maximized?
• When deploying a fire shelter, which direction should the firefighter's feet be facing?
• What are laminated glass windows likely to do when exposed to a fire?
• A blitz attack is a(n):
• What is the quickest way to force entry through a security roll-up door?
• Adults who try to escape a fire on their own are often found in one of two locations. What is one of those?
• What should incoming calls without voice contact be checked for?
• What is the primary use of a hose bed on a fire engine?
• A fire cannot be considered fully extinguished until _______ is complete.
• Why might some people remain reluctant to use the 9-1-1 system and prefer to dial the old 7-digit number instead?
• When does the rest phase begin for fire fighters arriving at rehabilitation?
• The pressure in a system when no water is flowing is called?
• Forcible entry tools can be grouped into several categories. What is one?
• Webbing, though not actually a type of rope, can be used for:
• Which type of fire connection allows for the rapid flow of water to an engine?
• When is it essential to utilize a personal flotation device (PFD) in firefighting operations?
• What is the NFPA standard on protective ensembles for structural and proximity firefighting?
• What is the term that denotes Type II construction?
• What is the relevance of water being divided into droplets with a very large surface area in a fog stream?
• Hydrants should be checked periodically. What is the minimum acceptable interval between such checks?
• Which of the federal government agencies is responsible for coordinating firefighting activities at large incidents and incidents that occur on federal lands?
• Which knot feature is formed in a rope by making a loop then bringing the two ends of the rope parallel to each other?
• What is the minimum fire fighter level that is expected to be able to don and doff personal protective equipment properly?
• How are the firefighters arranged in the three-firefighter flat ladder carry?
• During an emergency, who ultimately has the authority to manage the scene?
• Opening the front door of a house must be considered part of:
• Which fire extinguisher class is suitable for electrical fires?
• Which phrase indicates an imminent fire-ground hazard, such as a structural collapse?
• What situation would require the use of a saw for ventilation during a fire?
• Which type of adaptor is used to connect two female couplings to each other?
• Why should fire fighters conduct a size-up before an operation?
• Using technology to make buildings and products safer is an example of what type of CRR strategy?
• On which type of fires was rehabilitation first used extensively?
• What is the interface that exists at a vent, such as a doorway or window opening?
• What is generally the maximum distance a CO2 extinguisher can be expected to reach?
• What type of foam is most effective for Class A fires?
• If heated to a temperature of 1000°F, how far will a steel beam elongate per 10 feet?
• What is another term for a deck gun?
• What type of doors are normally used as entrance doors?
• What is necessary to ensure a dry-barrel hydrant drains completely?
• When dealing with a fire in structural void spaces, what should be in place before using positive-pressure ventilation?
• If evaporative cooling is reduced, say by high humidity, which effect, if any, does this have on firefighters?
• The risk of a new fire remains even if only a small percentage of the original fire remains smoldering. How small a percentage?
• What can be a result of failing to secure a fire scene appropriately?
• Which construction type is known for its non-combustible materials?
• Among the different types of ventilation, which method is typically the easiest to utilize?
• What is a reason for avoiding the practice of painting tools?
• What is an important feature of a fire extinguisher?
• What is the most efficient method for removing an unconscious or unresponsive victim from a dangerous location?
• Why is it important to know the fire classification of materials?
• How often should ground ladders be visually inspected?
• How many gallons per minute can a water shuttle realistically deliver?
• What safety equipment should be used when operating power saws?
• What personal safety equipment is essential for a firefighter before starting operations at a fire scene?
• How is the numerical rating decided for Class K portable fire extinguishers?
• At which types of emergency incidents should Incident Command System (ICS) be implemented?
• Which term is used to refer to the volume of water being moved through a pipe or hose?
• What is another term for head pressure?
• What type of listening is needed by a telecommunicator to extract necessary information from a caller in distress?
• What happens to concrete under extreme heat conditions?
• What type of core does a dynamic kernmantle rope have?
• When using search ropes, where should they be anchored?
• Finally, what safety measure should be employed when entering a building known to have hazardous materials?
• What is the term used to describe the part of the lock that catches and holds the doorframe?
• A talk-around channel:
• What is the first step in cleaning SCBA?
• Which type of heat transfer occurs when one end of a steel beam is exposed to heat and the other end begins to heat up?
• Which of the following is an acceptable method of extinguishing a Dumpster fire?
• What is negative-pressure ventilation?
• What is one aspect of high-rise fires that is especially draining of energy?
• What is the greatest danger to firefighters when fighting a fire involving stacked or piled material?
• Which of the following is a hazard of an alternative fuel vehicle?
• Which radio language is used to report a fire fighter in trouble and requiring immediate assistance?
• Which type of ladder can be converted from a straight ladder to an A-frame configuration?
• What is a common hazard when breaking down a door during forcible entry?
• From which material(s) can structural firefighting boots be constructed?
• All fires require three basic ingredients, one of which is fuel. What is another?
• What is the primary goal of using a deck gun during a fire response?
• Which of the following is essential to ensure safety during fire emergencies?
• Which type of search is a quick attempt to locate potential victims who may be in danger?
• During a two-person rescue of a downed firefighter, where does the first firefighter grab to pull the downed firefighter?
• What is the result if blood sugar levels drop too low in the body?
• How many sections of hose should be used to replace a damaged section of hose?
• What term describes the weight of the building's contents?
• What is one reason that team efforts are imperative in the fire service?
• When fighting fires in multiple-level structures, what is particularly important for firefighters?
• Where was the first fire insurance company formed in America?
• Where is the rehabilitation center usually located at a high-rise fire?
• Which characteristic distinguishes a Bangor ladder from other types?
• Which of the following is a critical factor to consider when determining the escape route during a fire?
• How, if at all, is rehabilitation related to the overall emergency effort?
• Which piece of equipment is essential for ensuring efficient water flow during fire suppression?
• When can utility rope be used in situations that require life safety rope?
• What is the term used for the top part of a fire hydrant?
• Before beginning any forcible entry, which reminder phrase should fire fighters keep in mind?
• How are vegetative fuels classified?
• The amount of pressure remaining in a water distribution system when water is flowing is called:
• Which ladder is a narrow, two-section extension ladder that is designed to provide attic access?
• What is the primary purpose of a fire helmet?
• Which factor is critical in determining the effectiveness of PPE in firefighting?
• What would describe the appearance of a solid stream?
• While the danger of firefighting should never be overlooked, what must a firefighter learn to do routinely?
• What does the R stand for in PAR?
• According to NFPA 1901, what is the minimum total length of feet of ground ladders that a truck company must carry?
• What should you do if you find a knot that has become jammed?
• Can a free-hanging roof ladder, not on a roof but hanging just from its hooks, support the weight of fire fighters?
• What is the primary function of personal protective equipment in firefighting?
• Should each team of firefighters carry a portable radio?
• What is the term for the lowest temperature at which a liquid produces enough vapor to sustain a continuous fire?
• In firefighting operations, how are the locations of hazardous materials typically documented?
• What is the main mechanical device used in negative-pressure ventilation?
• Which type of fire company is primarily responsible for securing water sources and conducting search and rescue operations?
• What is the usual method of choice for drying ropes?
• What is the usual response when a caller disconnects before full information can be gathered and the dispatcher cannot reconnect by calling the caller back?
• During overhaul, what is the primary objective?
• What is one disadvantage of using power saws instead of hand saws?
• What is the primary purpose of a fire blanket?
• Which type of fire extinguisher is most commonly used in residential settings?
• What tool is commonly used for lock removal in forcible entry situations?
• When setting up a smoke ejector in a window, where should it ideally be placed?
• When entering a fire building, who on the team should have a battery-powered hand light?
• Which area is the first search priority?
• Which effect, if any, does a built barrier, such as a highway, have on a wildland fire?
• What safety equipment is used to protect firefighters from heat and flames?
• What is the purpose of a fire extinguisher's pressure gauge?
• When inspecting a kernmantle rope, what finding should alert fire fighters to possible damage in the rope?
• What is the term for an open space within a wall where wires and pipes can run?
• For radio communication, the National Incident Management System recommends the use of:
• What is the key element necessary for a fire to sustain itself, besides fuel and oxygen?
• The individual who is responsible for the management of all incident operations is the:
• What is the primary goal of using positive pressure ventilation during firefighting operations?
• What is the role of a fire fighter trained in rescue, recovery, and search procedures in water and under ice conditions?
• What is the correct definition of combustible materials in fire safety?
• An indirect attack typically uses a straight or solid stream flowing ______ gpm?
• What are circular saw blades that are made of composite material that includes silicon carbide or steel designed to cut?
• What is the primary purpose of using full protective gear during firefighting operations?
• What is another term for a sheet bend?
• How should objects that can be safely picked up be extinguished during overhaul?
• Which condition is the victim in when the exit assist is appropriate?
• What inspection should be done on hydrants to ensure they function properly?
• What is the second priority in search operations during a fire?
• What are the priorities used as a basis for assignment of search teams?
• When smoke rises after opening a door and fresh air is pulled in, the fire is likely located on which level?